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Aluminum alloy doors and windows, as part of the exterior and interior decoration of buildings, play a crucial role in the aesthetic coordination of building facades and the comfortable and harmonious indoor environment due to their color, shape, and facade grid size.
The appearance design of aluminum alloy doors and windows includes many contents such as color, shape, and facade grid size.
(1) Color
The selection of colors is an important factor affecting the decorative effect of buildings. There are various colors of glass and profiles used in aluminum alloy doors and windows. Aluminum alloy profiles can be treated with various surface treatment methods such as anodizing, electrophoretic coating, powder coating, spray painting, and wood grain transfer printing. Among them, the colors of profiles formed by anodizing are relatively few, commonly including silver white, bronze, and black; There are many colors and surface textures to choose from for electrophoretic painting, powder coating, and spray painted profiles; Wood grain transfer printing technology can form various patterns such as wood grain and granite grain on the surface of profiles; Insulated aluminum alloy profiles can design aluminum alloy doors and windows in different colors indoors and outdoors.
The color of glass is mainly formed by glass coloring and coating, and the selection of colors is also very rich. Through the reasonable combination of profile color and glass color, a very rich and colorful color combination can be formed to meet various architectural decoration requirements.
The color combination of aluminum alloy doors and windows is an important factor affecting the facade and interior decoration effect of buildings. When selecting colors, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the nature and purpose of the building, the benchmark color tone of the building facade, interior decoration requirements, and the cost of aluminum alloy doors and windows, while coordinating with the surrounding environment.
(2) Styling
Aluminum alloy doors and windows with various facade shapes can be designed according to the needs of building facade effects, such as flat, folded, curved, etc.
When designing the facade design of aluminum alloy doors and windows, it is also necessary to comprehensively consider the coordination with the exterior facade and interior decoration effect of the building, as well as the production process and engineering cost.
The profiles and glass need to be curved for curved aluminum alloy doors and windows. When special glass is used, it will result in low glass yield and high glass breakage rate during the service life of aluminum alloy doors and windows, affecting the normal use of aluminum alloy doors and windows. Its cost is also much higher than curved aluminum alloy doors and windows. In addition, when aluminum alloy doors and windows need to be opened, they should not be designed as curved doors and windows.
(3) Facade grid size
The vertical division of aluminum alloy doors and windows varies greatly, but there are still certain rules and principles.
When designing the facade, the overall effect of the building should be considered to meet the aesthetic requirements of architecture, such as the contrast between reality and virtuality, light and shadow effects, symmetry, etc;
At the same time, it is necessary to meet the functional requirements of building lighting, ventilation, energy conservation, and visibility based on the room spacing and floor height of the building. It is also necessary to reasonably determine the mechanical performance, cost, and glass material yield of doors and windows.

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The factors that should be considered in facade grid design are as follows.
① Architectural facade effect
The division of the facade should have certain rules and reflect changes. In the process of change, seek rules and the density of the dividing lines should be appropriate; equal distance and equal size division display rigor and solemnity; Unequal distance and free division display rhythm, liveliness, and dynamism.
According to the needs, it can be designed as independent doors and windows, as well as various types of combination doors and windows or strip doors and windows. The horizontal grid lines of aluminum alloy doors and windows in the same room and on the same wall should be aligned as much as possible on the same horizontal line, and the vertical lines should be aligned as much as possible.
It is best not to set horizontal grid lines within the main line of sight height range (1.5~1.8m) to avoid obstructing the line of sight. When dividing the facade, it is necessary to consider the coordination of the aspect ratio.
For a single glass panel, the aspect ratio should be designed close to the golden ratio, and should not be designed as a square or a narrow rectangle with an aspect ratio of 1:2 or more.
② Architectural functions and decorative needs
The ventilation area and lighting area of doors and windows should meet the regulatory requirements, while also meeting the window-to-wall area ratio, building facade, and interior decoration requirements for building energy efficiency. They are generally determined by architectural design based on relevant requirements.
③ Mechanical properties
The grid size of aluminum alloy doors and windows should not only be determined according to the needs of building function and decoration, but also consider factors such as the strength of aluminum alloy door and window components, safety regulations for glass, and load-bearing capacity of hardware.
When there is a contradiction between the ideal grid size of architects and the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy doors and windows, the following methods can be taken to solve it: adjusting the grid size; Transforming the selected material; Take corresponding strengthening measures.
④ Material utilization rate
The original size of each glass manufacturer's product varies. Generally, the width of the glass original is 2.1~2.4m and the length is 3.3~3.6m. When designing the grid size of aluminum alloy doors and windows, the cutting method should be determined based on the selected glass's original size, and the grid size should be adjusted reasonably to maximize the utilization rate of the glass.
⑤ Open form
The grid size of aluminum alloy doors and windows, especially the opening fan size, is also limited by the opening form of aluminum alloy doors and windows.
The maximum size of the opening fan that can be achieved by various types of aluminum alloy doors and windows varies, mainly depending on the installation form and load-bearing capacity of the hardware.
If friction hinge load-bearing aluminum alloy doors and windows are used, the width of the opening fan should not exceed 750mm. Overly wide-opening fans may cause the door and window fans to fall under their weight, making it difficult to open and close.
The load-bearing capacity of hinges is better than that of friction hinges, so when using hinges to connect load-bearing, it is possible to design and manufacture flat aluminum alloy doors and window sashes with larger grids.
For sliding aluminum alloy doors and windows, if the size of the opening fan is too large and the weight of the fan exceeds the load-bearing capacity of the pulley, there may also be difficulty in opening.
Therefore, when designing the facade of aluminum alloy doors and windows, it is also necessary to determine the allowable height and width dimensions of the door and window opening sash based on the opening form of the aluminum alloy doors and windows and the selected hardware, through calculation or testing.
⑥ Humanized design
The installation height and position of the door and window opening and closing operation components should be convenient for operation.
Usually, the window handle is about 1.5-1.65m away from the finished surface of the ground, and the door handle is about 1-1.1m away from the finished surface of the ground.

Post time: Sep-02-2024